Internal-combustion engine.



0. DE LUKAGSEVIGS. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED JAN.12, 1912.

1,093,544; Patented Apr.14,1914,

5 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. DE LUKAUSEVIOS. INTERNAL GOMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 12, 1 912. 1,093,54

Patented Apr. 14, 1914.

5 SHEETSSHEET 2.

Y 0. DE LUKAGSEVICS. V INTERNAL GOMBUSTIO-N. ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN-12, 1912.

Patented Apr. 14, 1914.

C. DE LUKAGSEVIGS.v

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLIOATIONTILED JAN. 12, 1912.

1,09 3,514. Patented Apr. 11,. 1911 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4' U. DE LUKAGSEVIGS.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE. APPLICATION PILED AN. 12, 1912.

1,093,54%0 Patented Apr. 14, 1914.

6 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

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ar/66 deZZcZaLmse-z 1 3-5 MAM UNI [TED STATES c'rmnnrls m: LUKACSEVICS,or wnsr NUTLEY, Nnw. '-:raasnv, asslsivon 'ro cnonen w.

MORGAN, JR, 01

new roan, 1v. Y.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Eaten:-

ratemea Apr. 14L, iota.

Application filed January 12, 1912. Serial No. 670,814.

internal combustion engines, andit has more particular referenceto thevalve mechanism thereof.,

The invention comprehends piston valves for controlling {the admissionand exhaust,

15 these \va1ves\ being slidable in cylinders which\are in communicationwith the. several cylinders'of the engine.

The principal object of the invention is t to provide mechanism for theoperation of .Ztl-valves of the type referred to which shall besubstantially noiseless in its action, and

in which'loose" lay ofthe movable parts is prevented and wear reduced toa minimum. A furtherwbject of the inventlon is to provide such anarrangement of parts as will enable the valves and their operatingmech-. anism' to be wholly inclosed and thus 'efiiciently protec d, butat the sametitne, read-. ily accessible ?or-the necessary purposes of 3substitution, cleaning, and repairs.

Other objects and advantages will appear as the description proceeds.

The inventions illustratedin the accompanying drawings, wherein: 1

5 Figure 1 is a view, partly inside elevation and partly in section,showing an 811- gine in which the features of the present invention areincorporated, this figure showing also 'a preferred form of valveoperating 40 mechanism;'Fig. 2 is a view, partly' ini'elevation andpartly in" section, and in {a plane itright angles to the plane of Fig.1; Fig. is a horizontal sectionalview, showing the ..f;val-ves and theirappurtenances; Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail view of the valves'operating elements employed in the construction of Fig. 1; Fig. 5 is anenlarged sectional View, showing details of the construction of theelements 'shownin Fig. 4; Figs. 6 and .7

are detail views showin the bearings for the valve rods; Fig. 8 is;aetail vertical view in. the same plane as Fig. 1, showing a modificationof the valve operating mechanism; Fig.9 is a detail plan view, partly insection,

showifigfthe' valve operating elements em-,

I lployed in the construction of Fig. 8; Figs.

tively of Fig. 13.

Similar characters of reference designate corresponding parts throughoutthe-several views. t

The engine illustrated is of the four cycle type. In the drawings,however, I have shown the features of the present invention only inrelation to two of the cylinders, it being unnecessary to show theengine in its entirety, as the arrangement is duplicated for the othertwo cylinders.

In Fig. 3, two of the cylinders at one end of the engine are indicatedin dotted lines, being designated by the letters A. and B respectively.vAdjacent the cylinder B is a hollow mid-wall C which is also constructedto serve as a part of the water jacket and which forms a divisionbetween the cylinders A and B at. one end of the engine, and the othertwo cylinders at the other end of the engine. At the upper, ends of eachcylinderA and B, horizontal and parallel cylindrical valve chests areprovided, the inlet valve chest being indicatedby the numeral 3- and theexhaust valve chest by the numeral 4. In the arrangement shown, theexhaust valve chests of the cylinders A tional views on the lines A andB respecvalve chests of the same cylinders have an extreme relation.-The valve chests 3 and L communicate with the respective cylinders withwhich they are associated through ports 5 and 6 respectively. Byreference, a plurality of ports is provide for each valve chest, theports belngthus se arated spectively. The inlet valves are designated bythe numeral 7 and the eizhaust valves by the numeral 8. The valves 7 and8 slide axially ofthe respectige cylinders 3 and 4, and have agas-tight. t in these cylinders,

packing rings 9. By providing a plurality this being assured by the useof suitable of openings 5 and 6 for the respective valve chests3 and4,,adequate commumcationbeno clambers; and Figs. 14 and 15 are detailsecand B have a mean relation, while the inlet from one another 'bywebs, as 5 an Sresaid openings; said webs are preferably hollow for theurpose of water circulation, as

shown in Figs. 2 and 12. The cylinders 3 and 4:, throughout the extentof the engine, are in communication at corresponding. ends with a lon'tudinal casing 10, which incloses a longitudinal valve operating shaft11. This shaft is driven by a suitable two-to-one gearing, e. g., bevelgearing, from the crank shaft of the engine, and is provided with cams12 and 13 which correspond to "the respective inlet and exhaust valves 7and 8; that is to say, for each valve 7 there is a cam 12, and for eachvalve 8 there is acam 13.

As a matter of convenience, the cams 12 and 13 for each pair ofassociated valves 7 and 8 are integrally constructed bein connected by asleeve 14 which surrounds the shaft 11 and is suitably connected theretoas by a cone pin. The valves 7 and 8 are provided with axially disposedrods 15 and 16 respectively, which project into the casing 10 and whichcarry rollers that engage the cams 12 and 13. The rods 15 and 16 arearranged in a commonhorizontal plane, but at relatively opposite sidesof the associated valves 7 and 8, and the rods 16 of the valves 8 have arelatively close association. These rods have. a T-shaped cross section,the'r'ods 15 working in guides 17 and the rods 16 workingin guides 18.Owingto the .close association of the rods 16,-the guides 18 may beformed integrally in adjoining relation,- and provided with commonattachment lugs- 19 which are bolted to the intermediate wall that iscommon to the two chests 4. "The guides 17 are secured in.like manner tothe outer walls of the chests 3. In this connection, it should be notedthat 'said guides 17 and 18 are secured to the end faces of the wallsreferred to and are formed throughout 'their length with horizontallyextending T-shaped slots through which the rods 15 and 16 work. Theassociation of said rods with said guides in the manner indicatedassures ot the valves having true axial movements, and having theirmovements without loose play and consequent undue wear. The cams 12 and13 are similarly constructed, so that a description of one cam willsuflice for all. Each valve operatin cam has a ca'm groove 19 in one ofits'si e fa'ces, and saidoove has an external shoulder 20 adjacent itsperiphery and an. internal shoulder 21 located inwardly of the shoulder20 and concentric tothe latter. The shoulders'20 and,

21 thus divide the grooves 19 into ways 22 and 23, which ways aredisposed in parallel planes and have the same direction, but are preventany 51 so related that the outer and inner faces of the way 22 arenearer to the periphery of the cam than the outer and inner faces of the-way 23. Each valve rod 15 and 16 carries at its outer end a laterallyprojecting stud 24,

secured in position by a loclrnut or disk 24. The stud 24: extends intothe groove 19 and carries two rollers 25 and 26.

The rollers 25 and 26 are parallel planes, the roller 25 operating inthe way 22 and the roller 26 operating in the way 23. These rollersareof uniform diameter and of such extent that they will con-' of the ways22 and 23 {that is to say, owing to the offset relation of these-ways,-the roller 25 will contact with the inner face of the way 22, and theroller 26 will contactwith the outer face of the way 23. This relationof the rollers 25 and;26 andthe ways 22 and 23 obtains the same effectin so far' the security of engagement is concerned that would beobtained by the employment of a single roller fitting tightly'in avertical cam groove, but it eliminates the great degree of. friction"which would be generated consequent to. the operation of a. tightlyfitting roller in an ordinary cam groove.

The inlet chests 3 are in communication at their ends opposite to thecasing 10 with an inlet manifold 27, which is provided with. acarbureter connection 28, and which, of course, has branches extendingto said chests, these branches being equipped with removable screw plugs29 located axially with respect to the valvechests 3, and enabling readyaccess to the interior of said chests at one side, o,fthe engine whenthe occasion so requires. The chests 4 at their ends offset to thecasing. 10, communicate with an exhaust manifold 30 which may be securedin position in any suitable manner, for example, by a bolt 31 WhiChlSthreaded into the common diyiding wall between the chests 4. The casing10 may be made in sections, which may be readily dissociated disposed in,tact with the respective inner and outer faces to enable access to' theinterior of said casing,

and to the valve appurtenances contai therein.

By forming the groovefl9 with offset ways 22 and 23, and by using 'apair of rollers which work in said respective ways in the mannerexplained, a very positive, noiseless, frictionless, action of thevalveoperating cams is secured. The relation ofthevalve rods to 'theirguidesis such "as to positively do play of any character of said valve .rods,and to thereby insurethat the operation 'of the: rollers'f25 and 26 andalso of the valves 7 and8 shall-be without any binding loose play orundue 'fIlCtiOIlL;

In the construction shown'in-Fig. 8, the

chests 3 andehave theusame relation that they do in theconstructionabove described,

opening into the casing- 10'at one side of the,

engine and to the inlet and exhaust manifolds at the opposite side ofthe engine. The

valve operating cams in this case are desigvalves. The valve rods inthis construction are arranged centrally and axially of the valves, andcarry at their outer ends heads which have a T-shaped cross section andwhich work in guides 17*?and 18, generally similar to the respectiveguides 17 and 18 previously referred to. The heads 32 are eachformedwitha fork, between the arms of which a friction roller 33 isarranged,-the rollers 33 engaging the peripheral faces of the cams 12and 13. In this connection, the valves are cupped to accommodate spiderframes 34'which are secured inthe ends of the several valvechestsadjacent the casing 10, a nd whighatford seats for the inner endsof expansive coilsprings 35, the outer ends of said springs seatingagainst the heads 32 and thereby tending to move the valves inwardly andto constantly hold the rollers 33 contacting relation to the cams 12 end13.

In the modified constructit in, just as in the previous construction,the \valve rods are positively guided and provision is made for insuringthe security of the l ngagement between the rollers carried by saidvalve lrods and the valve operating cams In the modified construction,however, the action of the valves is not so positive as in thearrangement first described.

Fig. 13 illustrates a constriiction wherein the valve operating camsand, their adjuncts are of the form shown in Figs. 4: and 5, but whereinthe companion inlet and exhaust valve cylinders 3 and 4 are arranged atangles of 90 degrees to one a, other, and 45 degrees to the axis of thecylinder. By virtue of this arrangement, one cam, as 50, arrangedintermediate the valve chests, may serye the place of. the two dams 12and 13 shown in Fig. 2. As shown, the cam 50 is of the same constructionaseit-her of the earns 12 and 13, except that instead of having anoffset cam groove merely on lone face, it has 'such a groove on bothfaces. I The cam 50, as

will be'readily apparent, operates the companion inlet and exhaust valvein proper relation, and in accordance with the sequence of a four cycleengine. Aside from this advantage, the arrangement shown in Fig. 13enables the use of relatively large inlet and exhaust passages 51 and 52respectively, and

. of relatively large piston valves to control the same. The inlet andexhaust passages inclosc tubular webs or bridges 53 which may be hollowfor the purpose of water circulation, and not only serve to preventdisplacement of the piston packing into the ports, but also to brace theupper head of the cylinder and thereby eliminate any weakness whichmight otherwise result from having inlet and exhaust ports of suchrelatively great extent. Aside from the features referred to, theconstruction shown in Fig. 13 may be otherwise similar to theconstruction shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Having fully described my invention, I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine, the

vcombination with a cylinder thereof, of inlet and exhaust valve chest-scommunicating with said cylinder, a casing communicating withcorresponding ends of said chests, valves slidable axially of therespective chests and having axially disposed rods rigid therewith andwhich extend into said casing, guides secured at the ends of the chestsand through which the rods work, the guides being disposed in thecasing, a shaft extending through the casing, valve operating cams onthe shaft, and rollers carried by the valve rods for engagement with thecams. l y

2. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderthereof, of inlet and exhaust valve chests communicating with'saidcylinder, a casing communicating with corresponding ends of said chests,valves slidable axially of the respective chests and having axiallydisposed rods which extend into said casing and have a T'- shaped crosssection, guides secured. at the ends of the chests and through which therods work, the guides conformably fitting over the rods,'and beingdisposed in the casing, a shaft extending through the casing, valveoperating cams on the shaft, and rollers carried by the valve rods forengagement with the cams. v

3. In an internal combustion engine, the

combination with a cylinder thereof, of inlet and exhaust valve chestscommunicating with said cylinder, a casing communicating Withcorresponding ends of said chests, valves slidable axially of therespective chests and having axially disposed rods which extend intosaid casing, guides secured at the ends of the chests and through whichthe rods work, the guides being disposed in the casing, a shaftextending through the casing, valve operating cams on the shaft, eachcam having a cam groove in a sidecface provided with otl'set ways of thesame direction and extent, and a pair of rollers carried by each valverod, one roller contacting only with one face of one of the cam ways andthe other roller contacting with the opposite face of the other cam way.

4. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with a cylinderthereof, of inlet and exhaust valve chests communicating with saidcylinder, a valve operating shaft, valves slidable axially of therespective chests and having axially disposed rods,

cams mounted on said valve operating shaft, each cam having a cam groovein a side face provided With. offset ways of the same direction andextent, and a pair of rollers carried 5 by 'each valve rod, one rollercontacting only with one. face of one of the cam ways and the otherroller contacting with the opposite face of the other cam way.-

5. In an internal combustion engine, the combination with the cylindersthereof, of an exhaust valve chest and an inlet valve chest for eachcylinder, the valve chests extending in diverging relation toward thecylinder and being related to one another at an angle of ninetydegreesand to the axis of the cylinder at an angle of forty-five degrees,piston valves operating in said respective chests,-and a cam producingthe operation of said valves and being common thereto, the cam beingarranged intermediate thechest's, substantially as. set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twosubscribing witnesses. a

CHAR-LES DE LUKAGSEVICS. Witnesses:

A. L. HUNTLEY, PHILIP WonLsTETTER.

v babies of this patent maybe obtained for five cents each, byaddressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. G.

